Application of Copper Oxide Nanofluid and Phase Change Material on the Performance of Hybrid Photovoltaic–Thermal (PVT) System

The objective of the study is to investigate thermal, electrical, and exergetic performance a hybrid photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) system under influence copper oxide (CuO) nanofluid phase change material (Vaseline (petroleum jelly)) as heat storage medium. A mathematical model was developed with help various energy-balance equations over layers system. evaluation PVT performed using pure water, CuO-water (0.2 0.4% weight fractions), fraction Vaseline material. results overall analysis show that better (0.4% wt. fraction) PCM compared water-cooled nanofluid. obtained from indicate cell temperature reduced by 4.45% cooling Moreover, efficiencies improved 6.9%, 4.85%, 7.24%, respectively, systems. also investigated changing mass flow rate (MFR). increase in (MFR) 0.05 kg/s 0.2 tends enhance electrical 12.89% 16.32% 67.67% 76.34%, CuO-PCM fluid.